Resource Center: How to Speak A/V
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Entries starting with: octave: A ratio of 2:1 or 1:2 in frequency (measured in hertz). For example, the ranges from 20 to 40 Hz, 25 to 50 Hz, and 3 to 6 kHz are all one octave wide. The ear hears changes in frequency of equal multiples or fractions of an octave as equal changes in musical pitch. A one-third-octave interval, used in acoustical measurements, is equal to the musical interval of a major third. ohm (?): The basic unit of electrical resistance; also see impedance. OLED (organic light-emitting diode): Describes various technologies for producing fixed-pixel displays from self-luminescent plastics; used in cellphones and some automotive electronics and beginning to have A/V applications. omnidirectional: Equally sensitive or effective in all directions; might be said of an antenna, a microphone, or a speaker. 1-bit D/A converter: A circuit used in many DVD and CD players and other components that translates a digital signal into an analog waveform using a digital delta-sigma modulator followed by a PDM or PWM output converter; see delta sigma and digital-to-analog (D/A) converter. optical (fiber-optic) input/output: A special type of jack that accepts fiber-optic connectors; see ST and Toslink. out of phase: When one waveform is the exact opposite of another, each peak corresponding to a valley and each valley to a peak; see bipole, dipole, in phase, phase. output-current capability: A rating, in amperes, of the maximum current an amplifier can supply. output level: A measure of the strength of the output signal of a component. output transformer: A transformer used to couple the output stage of a power amplifier to a speaker. Output transformers are usually essential in tube amplifiers but are almost never used in solid-state amps. oversampling: Any digital signal processing technique that generates or uses a sampling rate greater than that required by theory to encode the maximum frequency of interest; used in CD and DVD players’ audio digital-to-analog (D/A) converters and output filters. In a D/A converter, a technique whereby multiple “samples” are mathematically generated from each real sample. overscan: The amount of a video image that falls beyond the borders of the display device. Abbreviations |
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